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김학철 문학정신 잇자…독자들이 만든 김학철문학상 첫 수상작품집 출간_我的网站

一 |     According to Odinga, Deputy President William Ruto’s victory in the August 9 election for Kenya’s next president was a “travesty” and a “parody” with “many flaws." The official tally was extremely close, with Ruto claiming 50.5% of the vote and winning by just 233,000 ballots. However, according to the majority of Kenya’s election commission, the official tallies betray the rigging of the vote, which add up to 100.1%.,The East African state’s high court is tasked with reviewing elections, and will have 14 days to decide if there will be a new vote or if Ruto’s victory will stand.,The dispute has provoked new violence as protesters took to the streets and police unleashed tear gas and other weapons against the demonstrators.,Odinga is a longtime veteran of Kenyan politics, having run in numerous presidential races and participated in the struggle for multiparty democracy during the years of President Daniel arap Moi’s dictatorship. Since 2013, he has been recognized as the leader of the Kenyan opposition, although his longtime rival, outgoing President Uhuru Kenyatta, has endorsed his 2022 campaign.,He made a similar appeal after the August 2017 presidential election, which Kenyatta won with 54% of the vote as compared to Odinga’s 45%. The Supreme Court agreed with Odinga that the Independent Electoral Commission (IEBC) database had been hacked and the results falsified, voided the results, and ordered a new election held within two months, which Kenyatta also won.,‘The Mystery’,Odinga was born in 1945 in Maseno, a suburb of Kisumu, Kenya’s third largest city. His father, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga, was a prominent Luo chieftain who fought for Kenyan independence from the British Empire and was its first vice president following independence in 1963. Raila Odinga was educated in East Germany and ran an important gas cylinder manufacturing company in Kenya before entering the civil service.,© Dutch National ArchiveKenyan President Daniel arap Moi at a press conference in The Hague, Netherlands, on 21 June 1979.Kenyan President Daniel arap Moi at a press conference in The Hague, Netherlands, on 21 June 1979.© Dutch National Archive,In 1982, he was jailed along with numerous others after he was accused of being one of the ringleaders of an attempted military coup of President Daniel arap Moi, a Western-aligned Cold Warrior who never fully united the country following the death of his predecessor and Kenya’s first president, Jomo Kenyatta. Odinga was declared a traitor and spent the next six years in prison. He was released in February 1988 and re-arrested six months later for agitating for a multiparty political system. He was released again in 1989, arrested again in 1990, and released again in 1991, at that point fleeing abroad to Norway.,While he was in prison, Odinga earned the nickname “Agwambo,” which in his native Luo language means “The Mystery” or “The Unpredictable,” because of how afraid of him Moi’s government seemed to be.,Odinga returned the following year to participate in the country’s first multiparty elections, called after Moi caved to internal and Western pressure. Odinga joined his father’s Forum for the Restoration of Democracy (FORD) movement, became its vice chairman, and won a seat in parliament. Moi won the election and retained the presidency.,Political Jockeying in the New Democracy,In 1997, Odinga ran against Moi but came in third place, behind Moi, who won again, and Moi’s former vice president, Mwai Kibaki, who took second place. Afterwards, Odinga switched sides and threw his weight behind Moi, even merging his own National Development Party (NDP) with Moi’s Kenyan African National Union (KANU) to form New KANU. It won him a job as Moi’s energy minister.,However, the deal didn’t win Moi’s endorsement, and he backed Uhuru Kenyatta, a political neophyte and son of Jomo Kenyatta, in 2002, when he could not run again due to term limits. This was seen as a slight against movement veterans, who left New KANU in droves and formed the Liberal Democratic Party, led by Odinga, who threw his weight behind Kibaki.,However, Odinga’s loyalties changed once again after Kibaki won in 2002. Kibaki submitted a draft for a new constitution in 2005, which was seen as weakening regional and local government at the expense of a strengthened executive. Odinga led a successful “no” campaign ahead of the referendum, which roundly rejected the proposed constitution. He formed a new party, the ODM, following this split with Kibaki.,© AFP 2022 / SIMON MAINAKenyan police officers keep vigil outside the Supreme Court in Nairobi. File photoKenyan police officers keep vigil outside the Supreme Court in Nairobi. File photo© AFP 2022 / SIMON MAINA,In 2007, Odinga accused Kibaki of winning by withholding identity cards for voters in opposition strongholds, and rejected the results of the election, which were ironically almost exactly the same number of votes that Ruto has won by: 232,000. In the two months that followed, violence swept the country and more than 1,000 people died. The army was required to restore order, and the violence was defused after Odinga and Kibaki reached a power-sharing agreement by which Odinga would hold the revived office of prime minister.,Odinga also ran against Kenyatta in the 2013 and 2017 elections, alleging fraud and technological errors in both votes, with the second one resulting in the Supreme Court throwing out the results and calling a new election in October 2017. Odinga claimed the new election would not be free or fair, and boycotted the second vote, resulting in Kenyatta getting 98% of the vote.,Odinga declared himself the People’s President, rejecting Kenyatta’s victory, but the two appeared together on television in March 2018 and referred to themselves as “brothers” in a bid to reduce political tensions and avoid a repeat of the 2007 violence.。    진실과 약자의 편에 섰던 ‘김학철 문학 정신 살리자’ 시민들 뜻 모아 문학상 제정제1회 수상작 황정은·최진영·전춘화 세 편 수록540명 투표인단 대상 선정 투표…수상작 추후 발표                   ‘제1회 김학철문학상 수상작품집’. 김학철문학상운영위원회 제공 “김학철 선생이 총 대신 펜을 들고 지켜내려 한 조선의용대 대원들의 삶과 위업은 여전히 역사의 변방으로 밀려나 있습니다. 김학철문학상은 그가 지켜내려고 했던 조선의용대, 항일무장투쟁 전사들의 아름다웠던 서사를 역사의 중심으로 복원해 나가는 일입니다.” 20세기 항일투사이자 문학가였던 김학철(1917~2001) 선생의 정신을 받든 ‘2026 제1회 김학철문학상 수상작품집’이 최근 출간됐다. 문학상 제정을 이끈 방현석 작가(중앙대 문예창작학과 교수, 항일무장투쟁역사학교 교장)는 지난 24일 기자들과 만나 “민족반역자들의 이름으로 문학상을 주는 것이 아닌, 존중할 것을 존중할 줄 아는 세상을 위해 선생의 삶과 문학을 진심으로 존경하는 특별한 마음들이 모여 문학상을 만들게 됐다”고 설명했다. 문학소년이던 김학철은 보성고를 다니던 시절 이상화의 ‘빼앗길 들에도 봄은 오는가’를 읽으며 항일무장투쟁의 길에 나섰다. 조선의용대 분대장이던 그는 1941년 태항산전투에서 허벅지 총상을 입고 일본 나가사키 형무소에 수감돼 왼쪽 다리를 잘랐다. 독립전쟁기 조선, 해방 후 남한, 사회주의 국가 북한과 중국 그 어디든 그는 안온한 삶 대신 신념을 지키는 삶을 택했다. 친일파들이 득세하던 시절 탈남해 한국전쟁기에 떠난 중국에선 마오쩌둥의 개인숭배를 비판한 소설로 7년 수감에 이어 10년 징역을 살았다. 그는 2001년 21일의 단식으로 장엄한 생애를 마치면서 짧은 유언을 남겼다. “편안하게 살려거든 불의를 외면하라. 그러나 인간답게 살려면 그에 맞서라.”                    김학철 선생의 아들 김해양씨와 방현석 작가가 지난 6월 ‘범도루트 제16기 김학철 조선의용대 태항산특별여단’에서 함께 사진을 찍고 있다. 범도루트 제16기 제공 방 작가는 “김학철 선생은 약자와 진실의 편에 섰고 쓰지 말아야 할 글은 쓰지 않았다. 김학철문학상은 단순히 한 개인을 기리는 상이 아니라 남과 북 어디서도 서훈조차 받지 못한 그의 삶에 바치는 감사와 존경이자, 그러한 분들의 존재를 잊지 않겠다는 다짐”이라고 말했다. 김학철문학상은 어떤 기관이나 단체의 후원도 받지 않고 김학철 선생의 삶과 문학을 존경하는 독자 100명이 매달 내는 지원금으로 운영한다. 문학상의 취지에 맞게 친일 관련 문학상 수상자의 작품은 철저하게 제외했다. 새로운 세상을 밝히는 시선과 김학철 선생의 문학정신을 이어가며 모국어를 가장 빛나게 갱신해 나가는 작품을 중심으로 선정됐다. 황정은의 ‘문제없는, 하루’, 최진영의 ‘울루루-카타추타’, 전춘화의 ‘웰컴 투 빌라’ 세 편이다. 대상 수상작도 독자들의 투표로 결정한다. ‘김학철문학상 수상작품집’ 출간에 앞서 진행된 북펀딩에는 그의 정신을 잇는 취지에 동참하는 540명의 마음이 모였는데 이들이 투표에 참여하게 된다. 대상 수상작 시상식은 11월 초 진행될 예정이다. 방현석 작가는 “김학철의 정신과 조선의용대의 위업을 우리 문학과 역사에 복원시키자는 호소에 이렇게 호응이 뜨거울 줄은 몰랐다”며 “독자가 만들고 독자가 선정하는 국민문학상으로 자리 잡을거라 본다”고 전했다.。

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